Урок 4. Subject and object relative clauses

Subject and object relative clauses

Представьте, что вы показываете кому-то фотографии, сделанные когда вы учились в языковой школе, и даете к каждой короткий комментарий.
- I stayed with this family.
- These people lived next door.
- I studied at this school.
- This cathedral was built in the 11th century
- We visited this place on an excursion.
- I met this girl at a party.

Вы также могли бы сказать
This is a photo of ...
... the people who lived next door.
... a cathedral which was built in the 11th century.
... a girl (who) I met at a party.
... a place (which) we visited on an excursion.
... the family (who) I stayed with.
... the school (which) I studied at.

Два первых случая - это subject relative clauses. Вместо who/which может быть использовано that:
- This is a photo of the people that lived next door.
Остальные четыре примера, это object relative clauses. Здесь также вместо who/which может быть использовано that, а может и ничего:
a girl that I met at a party
a girl I met at a party

Заполните пробелы соответствующими фразами из первой части урока

I had quite a good time in Cambridge, although ............................................................ was rather boring - they spent a lot of time watching TV and didn't go out much.
Fortunately, ................................................. were very friendly, so I spent a lot of time with them.
Also, ...................................................... organised trips at the weekends, so I went to quite a lot of interesting places.
I'm sending you some photos of ...................................................................
It's just a small town but it's got ..................................................................
The person in the foreground is .............................................................. - her name's Veronique.

Перепишите данные ниже предложения по примеру This is a photo of...

a These students were in my class.
b I could see this building from my bedroom window.
c This person taught us English.
d We organised this party at the end of term.
e I came home on this train.

Урок 3. Одежда

clothes [plural]
the things that people wear to cover their body or keep warm
одежда - то, что люди одевают, чтобы прикрыть наготу или согреться.

clothes, clothing, garment, cloth

clothes are things that you wear, for example shirts and dresses
• I need some new clothes.
• Do you ever wear your sister's clothes?

!! clothes is always plural and has no singular form
clothes всегда употребляется во множественном числе
• He was wearing nice clothes (NOT a nice clothe/clothes).

Use clothing to talk about a particular type of clothes or when talking about making or selling clothes
Используйте слово clothing, говоря о конкретном типе одежды или о производстве/продаже одежды
• Special protective clothing is worn.
• a clothing manufacturer
!! This word is not used much in ordinary spoken language
Это слово редко используется в обычном разговорном языке
• I went shopping for summer clothes (NOT clothing).

In formal English, you can use garment or piece/item/article of clothing to refer to one thing you wear
В формальном английском можно использовать garment или piece/item/article of clothing говоря об одном предмете одежды
• a long velvet garment
• a discarded article of clothing
But it is more usual to name the particular thing you mean
Чаще предмет одежды называется явно
• He was wearing a long coat (NOT long garment).

Cloth is the material that clothes are made from
Cloth материал, из которого сделана одежда
• a suit made from fine woollen cloth

A clothes that you wear together as a set
Одежда, которую носят вместе
suit
a pair of trousers or a skirt, which you wear with a short coat made of the same material
Брюки или юбка с пиджаком, сшитые из одинакового материала
She wore a black suit for the interview. | Bob was wearing a business suit.

outfit
set of clothes that look attractive together, which you wear for a special occasion
комплект из нескольких предметов одежды, которые хорошо смотрятся вместе, которые надевают в особых случаях
I bought a new outfit for Kate's birthday party.
Natalie was wearing a blue and purple outfit.

Use outfit to describe clothes worn by women and children. Don't use it about men's clothes.
Используйте outfit для описания женской и детской одежды. Не используйте при описании мужской одежды.

Урок 2. Как это называется?

Нужно правильно назвать части тела человека, поставив в соответствие номера с рисунка и слова из списка под ним.



ankle calf chest elbow finger fist heel knee nail neck shoulder stomach thigh thumb toe waist wrist

Ответ дан в комментарии

Урок 1. Полезные фразы

ADVICE

Как попросить / дать совет

asking for advice / попросить совет

What do you think I should do?
I don't know whether to speak to Bob about it. What do you think I should do?

Can I ask your advice/opinion about something?
Can I ask your advice about something? I'm really worried about my brother.

Do you think I should...?
It's only $10 a month. Do you think I should join?

I'm thinking of... . What do you think?
I'm thinking of dying my hair. What do you think?

Don't say 'Can you give me an advice?' Use one of the phrases above.
Не говорите 'Can you give me an advice?' Используйте одно из приведенных выше выражений.

giving advice / дать совет

You should... /You ought to...
You should phone the police if you're really worried about it.
You shouldn't drink so much.

If I were you,...
use this when you have thought carefully about the situation
Используйте этот вариант, если вы хорошо обдумали ситуацию
If I were you, I'd wait till tomorrow.
If I were you, I wouldn't tell anyone about it.

What you ought to do is...
SPOKEN / разговорный
What you ought to do is get them to pay in advance.
What you need is... spoken What you need is a nice long holiday.

Make sure (that) you...
use this to give someone advice that will help them not to make a mistake
используйте этот вариант, если вы хотите помочь человеку избежать совершения ошибки
Make sure you take enough money jor the taxi.

The best thing is to...
The best thing is to drink lots of water.

In a conversation, don't say 'I advise you to do this' or 'I recommend that you do this'. These are very formal and are mostly used in writing.
Не употребляйте в разговоре выражения 'I advise you to do this' или 'I recommend that you do this'. Это формальный вариант, который используется в письменной речи.

Источник: Longman Essential Activator